Heat pumps have gone mainstream, but they're not automatically the right pick everywhere. Here's how to decide.
How they differ
A furnace burns fuel (usually gas) to make heat. A heat pump moves heat using electricity, and reverses in summer to cool — so it does both heating and cooling in one system, often very efficiently.
Efficiency and cost
Heat pumps deliver several units of heat per unit of electricity, making them very efficient — especially in mild and moderate climates. Whether they're cheaper to run than a gas furnace depends on your local electricity vs. gas prices.
Climate matters
Modern cold-climate heat pumps work well in freezing temperatures, but in very cold regions some homes pair a heat pump with backup heat for the coldest days. In mild and moderate climates, a heat pump is often the clear winner.
When a furnace still wins
Very cold climates with cheap gas and expensive electricity can still favor a furnace, or a hybrid system. Your utility rates are the deciding factor as much as the technology.
Bottom line
For most mild-to-moderate climates, a heat pump's two-in-one efficiency is compelling. Compare your local electricity and gas rates before deciding, and pair it with sealing and smart thermostat habits (lower your bill).
FAQ
Is a heat pump cheaper than a furnace to run?
Often yes in mild and moderate climates, thanks to high efficiency — but it depends on your local electricity vs. gas prices. Compare both before deciding.
Do heat pumps work in cold weather?
Modern cold-climate heat pumps work well below freezing. In very cold regions, some homes add backup heat for the coldest days.